Rodent trapping studies to understand the prevalence of zoonotic disease in West Africa: A scoping review.

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2021-09-03

Introduction

Methods

Data extraction

Location of rodent trapping studies and habitats studied

Rodent presence, absence, abundance

Pathogen presence and absence

Analysis

Location and habitats of rodent trapping to investigate potential biases

Rodent pathogen associations

Results

Included studies

Figure 1: Each row represents one of the 126 included studies, green points designate the first year of data collection, blue points designate the end of data collection. For studies completed within one year the blue point completely overlies the green. Studies with a transparent grey point did not report the year in which trapping was conducted. The year of publication is shown by a red point.

Location and habitats of rodent trapping studies to investigate potential biases

Figure 2: Panel A: Map of West Africa, countries where rodent trapping has occurred are mapped to level 2 administrative areas (where available). These regions are coloured by the total number of trap nights performed at trap sites within their boundaries. Panel B: (n.b. will not include map in final manuscript) The number of trap nights conducted is associated with a regions population density. The population density for all regions in West Africa is shown in the yellow box plot, the population density and trap night density for each region is show on the purple scatterplot. The line of best fit is a GAM model not incorporating spatial interactions. The map panel on the right is the product of the GAM model incorporating spatial interactions. Panel C: For each of the 10 land cover classes from the ESA dataset we measure the proportion of 300m2 pixels within a level 2 administrative area. Zoonotic trapping studies occurred in regions over-representative for Cropland, Mosaic landscapes and Shrubland while being under-representative for Bare and Sparse vegetation land cover classes.

Rodent presence, absence, abundance

Figure 3: Each row corresponds to a single rodent species. The column on the left shows the presence and absence of a rodent species from the individual studies included in this review. The centre column shows the presence of a rodent species obtained from GBIF (September 2021) for records where longitude and latitude have been provided. The right column shows the range of rodent species as proposed by the IUCN (2021) (red shaded area), overlaid are the presence points from both this review and GBIF records.

Pathogen presence and absence

Figure 4: Presence/absence plots at each unique trapping site for the four most commonly assayed microorganisms Arenaviridae (top), Bartonella sp. (second row), Borrelia sp. (third row) and Toxoplasma gondii (fourth row). The tables to the right of each map highlight the 10 (or number applicable) most commonly positive and tested rodent species and genera assayed.

Host-pathogen associations

Figure 5 - Matrix heat plot Y - rodent species/genera, X - pathogen species/genera. Colour relates to proportion positive (Perhaps use bivariate colour to also highlight the number of test performed in that species).

Discussion

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References